Best time for Nepal Trek
Nepal is a small country, but it has a wide range of landscapes with the mountain peaks, rolling hills, and high-altitude deserts.
7
June
The Upper Mustang Trek is an exceptional opportunity to explore the enigmatic Forbidden Kingdom of Mustang, also known as Lo, which is off the beaten path. The Upper Mustang Trek is a breathtaking journey through a stunning semi-arid desert featuring vibrant rock formations, steep gorges, and breathtaking scenery that seems to go on forever.
This region beyond the Himalayas was isolated from the rest of the world for many years. However, during this time, it was able to cultivate its own unique culture and traditions, which are similar to those found in Tibet. The region that borders Tibet has a distinct Tibetan influence in its people, culture, and terrain. In the past, it had its own kingdom with Lo Manthang serving as its capital.
The walled city of Lo Manthang boasts several prime highlights, including ancient monasteries, traditional villages, and architectural caves perched high up on the cliffs.
Upper Mustang is a region that boasts of a rich heritage of mythical and profound legends, a strong Buddhist culture, thousands of years of protected historical sites, and friendly locals who are open-hearted. Despite the influence of modernization on the region, visitors are still taken aback by the distinctiveness of its culture and traditions. In their natural habitat, the mountain people are fighting to preserve their ancient history and culture, and we can sense their spirit.
The Upper Mustang trek takes you through one of the driest regions in Nepal, showcasing the distinctiveness of its treeless terrain, rocky paths, and breathtaking views of the Nilgiri, Annapurna, Dhaulagiri, and other mountain peaks. Despite being the driest and receiving the least amount of rainfall, the place is teeming with life and boasts awe-inspiring grandeur. The highlands pour majestic mountain rivers that quench this vast land.
The Upper Mustang Trek in Nepal is a unique experience that combines cultural exploration with breathtaking landscapes. The focus is on exploring the enigmatic realm of Mustang's historic Buddhist monarchy. The Upper Mustang Trek program spanning 18 days is a well-crafted combination of cultural immersion and trekking experience. Deep within the forest lies a tranquil haven, far removed from the hustle and bustle of civilization. Embrace the Himalayan mountains and experience the enchanting aura of Mustang.“Mountains are the beginning and the end of all natural scenery.”
By John RuskinWhat makes the Upper Mustang Trek a worthwhile experience?
Trekking in Upper Mustang is a unique privilege. Here, you will get to know the lifestyle of the authentic mountain people who, for many years, had limited interaction with the rest of Nepal and successfully preserved their rich cultural heritage. The Government of Nepal formally recognized their king until recently.
Upper Mustang can be compared to trekking in Tibet in many ways, as it is geographically a part of the Tibetan plateau. Until 1950, the district of Mustang existed as an independent kingdom within the borders of Nepal. The Raja of Mustang, who is the only king remaining, currently resides in Lo Manthang, which is the recognized historical capital.
The Upper Mustang region was made accessible to non-Nepali trekkers about fifteen years ago, and currently, the area remains highly restricted. In order to gain entry into Upper Mustang, trekkers are required to obtain a separate trekking permit and must be accompanied by a certified guide. Upper Mustang is unique in every aspect.
What is the best season for trekking in Upper Mustang?
If you're seeking an ideal trekking option in Nepal during the summer months, Upper Mustang is a destination that should definitely be on your radar. The Upper Mustang benefits from being in the rain shadow of the Annapurnas, resulting in clear and dry weather during this time of year. It is interesting to note that the summer months are also comparatively peaceful. You will have access to the finest teahouses. Spring and autumn are the most popular seasons of the year.
The Tiji Festival takes place in May. Combining their adventure with this traditional festival is a popular choice among many trekkers. The festival is held for three days at the location of the former palace of the king of Mustang. People from various regions come to Lo Manthang (Upper Mustang) to take part in the festival. Trekking in Upper Mustang during winter is possible, but it is important to ensure that you have the appropriate gear.
Where is Upper Mustang?
Upper Mustang, previously known as the Kingdom of Lo, is situated in the northern region of the Mustang District in Nepal. Until 1992, Upper Mustang was a restricted kingdom, which has helped to preserve the region and its traditional Tibetic languages. As a result, it is considered one of the most well-preserved regions in the world. The preservation of Tibetan culture can be attributed to the region's relative isolation from the outside world. The economy of Mustang is primarily driven by tourism, animal husbandry, and trade.
The Upper Mustang region encompasses the northern two-thirds of the Mustang District, which is located in the Gandaki Province of Nepal. It comprises three rural municipalities. Upper Mustang is situated in the Himalayan rain shadow region, resulting in minimal precipitation throughout the year. The outcome of this is a distinctive terrain featuring lifeless deserts, rugged canyons, and towering cliffs. The region is renowned for its historic villages, monasteries, palaces, and ancient caves, among other things.
The district's southern third, also known as Thak, is the ancestral home of the Thakali people. They speak the Thakali language and their culture is a blend of Tibetan and Nepalese traditions. Upper Mustang has a lower population density compared to Lower Mustang. The area is distinguished by its verdant woodlands, productive valleys, and customary Nepalese hamlets. Muktinath, a renowned pilgrimage site, is located in this area and is held in high esteem by both Hindus and Buddhists.
Food and accommodation during the Upper Mustang Trek
During our trek, we will be staying in simple yet cozy lodges that are managed by local families from Mustang. Every lodge features a central communal area that is equipped with a spacious stove, which not only provides warmth but also creates a comfortable and inviting ambiance. The bedrooms typically contain two beds with mattresses, pillows, and a blanket, but they are not heated.
The lodges typically feature gas-powered showers and predominantly utilize sit-down flush toilets, although some may also offer squat toilets. The quality of food on the Upper Mustang trek is excellent, comprising a blend of local Nepali/Tibetan cuisine and western dishes. Dal bhat with rice is a popular and satisfying local meal that is also quite delicious. On the trail, it is sometimes possible to find other items. Additionally, you can find a Nepal price guide here.
Why Upper Mustang region being restricted?
Until 1992, Upper Mustang was a restricted demilitarized region. This has contributed to its exceptional preservation, as it has remained relatively isolated from the rest of the world. The valley extends from the top of the Annapurna Circuit towards the border with Tibet, running in a south to north direction. As a result, the majority of the local population still communicate using traditional Tibetan languages.
What about AMS in Upper Mustang?
The symptoms of Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) typically manifest within a few hours of arriving at high altitude. These symptoms may include nausea, shortness of breath, headache, and difficulty exercising. The experience of fatigue can diminish the joy you were feeling before things took a turn for the worse. If you are having difficulty falling asleep, feeling dizzy, or experiencing a severe headache, you may be suffering from these symptoms. In addition, it is possible to experience a loss of coordination, difficulty walking, and tightness in the chest. In the event that HAPE or HACE develops, you may experience confusion, difficulty breathing even while at rest, and may become unable to walk. Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) can occur not only during treks to the Everest Base Camp or other high peaks, but also in other locations.
The severity of your symptoms can increase as you go to higher altitudes. If you have seen the movie Everest, you will understand what we are referring to. Fortunately, you are only trekking while those guys are climbing. There are several scoring systems available to determine altitude sickness. Guides are trained in these systems and have experience in providing immediate treatment. Although many people may experience some symptoms of altitude sickness, it is possible to prevent it from worsening. By being aware of the symptoms, you can take necessary measures to ensure your well-being at high altitudes.
Upper Mustang Trek Difficulty Level
Proper fitness level is necessary for the Upper Mustang trek, as with any other trek. The Upper Mustang trip is considered moderate in difficulty, making it accessible to trekkers of all levels. However, there are still many challenges that may test your abilities.
On your journey, you will encounter high passes that involve steep ascents and descents. You will be able to see stunning mountains with breathtaking views that will uplift your spirits. The Kingdom of Lo will provide a refreshing respite from your fatigue. We offer a luxurious Jeep Safari option for visiting Upper Mustang through our Upper Mustang Jeep Tour.
We recommend that you put in some extra effort at the gym or go hiking before you arrive. Focus on strengthening your leg muscles and improving your cardiovascular endurance. Additionally, it is important to remember to include high altitude treks when purchasing travel insurance.
Packing List for the Upper Mustang Trek
Your gear is your most reliable companion when venturing into the mountains. In reality, the destination is not as important as the equipment you bring along. Gear can be the determining factor between survival and fatality in severe circumstances. Having the appropriate equipment can often be the deciding factor between a pleasant experience and an unpleasant one. You have successfully booked your tickets and your guide in Nepal is eagerly waiting for you. However, it seems that you have arrived with a backpack that is too heavy, a jacket that may not be warm enough, and shoes that are likely to cause blisters. This is a regrettable situation. Ensure that you have the appropriate gear and equipment to fully enjoy your trek in the Mustang region.
Below we present you a basic comprehensive packing list suitable for any trek in Nepal including your trek on the Mustang region:
Duffel Bag
Rucksack with Rain Cove Daypack
Hiking Boots
Sandals or Shoes
Hiking Socks
Trekking Poles
Inner Socks
Thermal Baselayer
T-Shirts
Fleece Pullover or Jacket
Light Weight Thermal Tops
Waterproof Jacket
Sports Bra for Her
Hiking Shorts
Hiking Pants
Waterproof Pants
Obviously there is more you can pack and bring along. Everyone is different, so everyone has their own needs.
Trekking Permit for Upper Mustang Trek
To visit Upper Mustang in Nepal, one must obtain permits as the region is classified as a restricted area. The region shares an open border with Tibet, which is a part of China. Foreign tourists are required to obtain a Restricted Area Permit in order to visit Upper Mustang and ensure the preservation and protection of its ancient Tibetan Buddhist culture and Bon religion. In addition, it is necessary to obtain a permit for the Annapurna Conservation Area as the trail passes through it.
To enter the Upper Mustang Restricted Area, each person must obtain a permit known as the RAP. The cost of the RAP is USD 500 per person for the first 10 days, and after that, it's USD 50 per person per day. Additionally, to enter the Annapurna Conservation Area, each foreigner must obtain an ACAP permit, which costs USD 30 per person. SAARC Nationals are charged a lower fee of USD 10 per person for the same permit. These fees are approximate. The Restricted Area Permit includes comprehensive information about the trekker, such as the route and emergency contact details. As a result, a TIMS card is not necessary for this particular trek.
To complete the necessary requirements, you will need to provide a copy of your passport, three passport-sized photos, your Travel Insurance policy number, details about your daily itinerary, and the trekking route you plan to take. The trekking company will handle all aspects of the trip.
The permits cannot be transferred or refunded. Children under 10 years of age are not required to pay an entry fee. Make sure to carry both permits with you at all times and present them at the appropriate checkpoints. The permit will be verified at the Chele checkpoint, which serves as the entrance to Upper Mustang.
Travel insurence for Upper Mustang Trek
If you're traveling to foreign countries or any high-risk area, having travel insurance is crucial. Upper Mustang is located in a remote and restricted area of Nepal, with limited vehicle accessibility and few health posts along the trail. While the Upper Mustang trek is generally considered safe, it's important to be aware of the risk of Altitude Sickness as the trek reaches altitudes of 4,000m/13,123ft. Obtaining timely and appropriate medical care may be difficult in the event of unforeseen accidents or illnesses for various reasons. In unfortunate cases, there may be a need for a helicopter rescue, which can come at a high cost.
It is crucial to obtain travel insurance for this trek in case of any unforeseen incidents. When purchasing a travel insurance policy, it is important to ensure that you select a reliable insurance company and a plan that includes coverage for high altitude treks up to 5,000m/16,404ft, as well as a cancellation policy. It is important to provide your insurance company with details of your day-to-day itinerary, maximum altitude, trekking region, emergency contact information, and any other relevant information.
Useful Tips for Upper Mustang Trek
Since Upper Mustang is a semi-arid region, it is important to drink plenty of water. It is recommended to avoid purchasing mineral water bottles. Instead, it is suggested to carry a bottle that has an inbuilt filter or water purification pills and refill it from communal drinking taps.
Trekking equipment and gear can be easily obtained by either renting or purchasing them from trekking rental stores located in Thamel, Kathmandu or Pokhara. This option is much more convenient than carrying bulky luggage from home.
It is advisable to always carry toilet paper, sanitizer, and paper soap for sanitation purposes.
It is advisable to carry Nepalese Rupees (NPR) when traveling to the remote upper Mustang region as ATM, banks, currency exchange, and QR payments are scarce. It is recommended to obtain the currency from Kathmandu or Pokhara before embarking on the journey.
To avoid altitude sickness, it is recommended to walk slowly and avoid rushing to ascend. Additionally, it may be helpful to consult with your doctor about taking precautionary medication such as Diamox or other altitude sickness medication.
You should consider trying the local cuisine while in Mustang, such as Dal Bhat, Tibetan Bread, and Tibetan noodles. These dishes are readily available, delicious, and more affordable than other options on the menu at the tea houses. Additionally, they are quite filling and will leave you satisfied.
Snacks can be quite pricey at higher elevations, so it's a good idea to bring along some dry fruits, energy bars, and cookies from Pokhara to have during your trek.
It is necessary to obtain permission from the appropriate authorities before operating or flying a drone.
It is advisable to refrain from eating meals during trekking days as your body may have difficulty digesting them at higher altitudes. The item may not be fresh and could be unnecessarily expensive.
The Best Upper Mustang Trek Itinerary
The following itinerary commences and concludes in the city of Kathmandu. Your trip can be organized from Pokhara too based on your preferences.
To travel from Kathmandu to Pokhara, there are option of driving (6 to 7 hours) or 30 minutes flight. From Pokhara we take a short flight to Jomsom and start our trek and leads to the legendary Kagbeni village. On the following day, proceed towards the gateway to Upper Mustang, which is Chele. The trail takes you through Syangboche, Ghami, and Tsarang villages, and eventually leads to the former Kingdom's capital at Lo Manthang. The distance between Mustang and Pokhara is 146km.
After taking a day to acclimatize and go on an excursion at Lo, proceed to the ancient villages of Yara, Tangbe, and Tetang en route to Muktinath, a sacred temple for both Hindus and Buddhists. After that, trek back to Jomsom and then take a scenic flight to return to Pokhara. Wrap up the incredible trek by returning to the city of Kathmandu via car.
Outline Itinerary:
Day 1: Take a drive from Kathmandu (1,400m/4,592ft) to Pokhara (800m/2,625ft) 6-7hours (200 km/124 miles)
Day 2: A flight to Jomsom (2,700m/8,856ft) and hike to Kagbeni (2,810m/9,217ft) 25 minutes flight, 3-4 hours trek
Day 3: Trek to Chele (3,050m/10,004ft) 5-6 hours trek
Day 4: Trek to Syanbochen (3,475m/11,398ft) 6-7 hours trek
Day 5: Trek Syanbochen to Ghami (3,520m/11,546ft) 5-6 hours trek
Day 6: Trek to Tsarang (3,620m/11,874ft) 5-6 hours trek
Day 7: Trek to Lo-Manthang (3,730m/12,235ft) 3-4 hours trek
Day 8: Excursion of Lo Manthang
Day 9: Trek to Yara (3,838m/12,589ft) 6-7 hours trek
Day 10: Trek to Tangbe (3,240m/10,628ft) 7-8 hours trek
Day 11: Trek Tangbe to Tetang (3,067m/10,060ft) 8-9 hours trek
Day 12: Trek to Muktinath (3,800m/12,464ft) 7-8 hours trek
Day 13: Trek to Jomsom (2,700m/8,856ft) 5-6 hours trek
Day 14: Return back to Pokhara by flight (800m/2,625ft)
Day 15: Travel back to Kathmandu
Table of Contents
What makes the Upper Mustang Trek a worthwhile experience?
The best season for trekking in Upper Mustang?
Where is Upper Mustang?
Food and accommodation during the Upper Mustang Trek
Why Upper Mustang region being restricted?
What about AMS in Upper Mustang?
Upper Mustang Trek Difficulty Level
Packing List for the Upper Mustang Trek
Trekking Permit for Upper Mustang Trek
Travel insurence for Upper Mustang Trek
Useful Tips for Upper Mustang Trek
The Best Upper Mustang Trek Itinerary